26g. D-Day, 6June 1944


				26. Defeating the Axis in Africa and Europe *26g. D-Day, 6 June 1944*



	26a. Stopping the Axis in Africa \| 26b. The Americans Arrive - The Allies Push the Axis out of North Africa \| 26c. Stalingrad - Stopping the Axis on the East Front \| 26d. Allied Invasion of Sicily and Italy; Kursk - Reversing the Tide on the East Front \| 26e. Air Power \| 26f. The British and the Resistance \| 26g. D-Day, 6 June 1944 \| 26h. End of the Third Reich \| 26i. Germany Post-War


		*Continued from previous page, # 6. The British and the Resistance* Best viewed on Internet Explorer 7. This site was prepared in Internet Explorer 7 and thus best viewed in that programme. Note that this site, viewed in other programmes, such as Google Chrome, will present a slightly different text, often with errors, and different photos not intended by the editor. Tehran Conference 28 November - 1 December 1943 Teheran is at the center of the above globe Soviet Embassy, Tehran, Iran, 1943: The "Big Three": Marshall Stalin (USSR), left; FDR (USA), center; Winston Churchill (GB), right The Big Three meet for the first time Agreement: - Allies to invade northern and southern France in May 1944 - Soviets to launch offensive into eastern Europe at the same time - Soviets agree to attack Japan after Germany is defeated *United Nations Leaders Meet in Middle East!* *United News* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUVXF5m8kqc *The Big Three Meet in Teheran* British Pathé newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_aBRsh5kLuI "Fighting Friendship" British Movietone newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QwvuGUqsXwo *President* *Franklin D. Roosevelt in Cairo and Teheran 1943* *Not on You Tube at present* Newsreels Part 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tnPsw8rN-lI Part 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cAkB1Gw-OFU The Big Three in Teheran Newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JIC6Qo78P4A President Roosevelt Fireside Chat Christmas Eve 1943 About the Cairo and Teheran Conferences (27:06) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrISR6dpyso *Cairo and Teheran* US Army Signal Corps film With narration by FDR (an excerpt from Christmas address to the US armed forces) (09:13) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__LUwc2ZHW8 The Soviet spy who saved Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill Soviet spy, Gevork Vartanyan, foiled German plot to assassinate the Big 3 in Teheran *Russia Today* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6i2N9gosiNU --------------- Highlights of 1943 Pathe Gazette looks back on outstanding events of the past year https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nm1-PV4gQG8 ------------------- Second Front Allied Expeditionary Force General Dwight D. Eisenhower In June 1942, Eisenhower was appointed Commanding General of the European Theater of Operations (ETOUSA), headquartered in London, to plan with the British the Allied invasion of Europe. In November 1942, Eisenhower was appointed Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations (NATOUSA) for the invasion of North Africa, with headquarters in Britain and Gibraltar. It was assumed that Field Marshal Sir Alan Brooke, Chief of the Imperial General Staff, or General George Marshall, US Army Chief of Staff, would command the Allied invasion of northern France. At the Quebec Conference in August 1943, President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill agreed that an American rather than a Briton should command the Allied invasion of northern Europe. It was thus assumed that Marshall would be the Supreme Comander. At the Teheran Conference in November, Stalin pressed Roosevelt to name the commander of the Second Front. At the Second Cairo Conference in December 1943, Roosevelt announced that Eisenhower would command the Allied invasion of northern France. FDR chooses Eisenhower to command Second Front in Europe https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kx7WWCm8xEM President Roosevelt, left, and General Eisenhower on the plane to Sicily after the Second Cairo Conference, on 15 December 1943. *Marshall and the President, 1943* How FDR chose Eisenhower to command the Allied invasion of northern Europe (Operation Overlord) Lecture by Nigel Hamilton Lexington, Virginia May 11, 2017 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Ie_6qOs26s General Dwight D. Eisenhower, Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), left, and British General Bernard Law Montgomery, Commander of Allied Ground Forces, right. The Seven Men of the Supreme Command, London, February 1944. Seated, from left: Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder (GB), Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Expeditionary Force General Dwight D. Eisenhower (USA), Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Expeditionary Force General Sir Bernard L. Montgomery (GB), Commander of Allied ground armies, commander of British ground armies Standing, from left: Maj. Gen. Omar N. Bradley (USA), Senior Commander of American ground armies Admiral Sir Bertram Ramsay (GB), Commander-in-Chief of Allied Naval Forces (Allied Expeditionary Naval Force) Air Chief Marshal Sir Trafford Leigh-Mallory (GB), Commander-in-Chief of Allied Air Forces (Allied Expeditionary Air Force) Lt. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith (USA), Supreme Allied Headquarters Chief of Staff These Are the Men Movietone News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tED7nFWeX_g Allied Chiefs for Second Front Movietone News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJ4uxSk-PLo or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EMZizDUr14M 1943 Tehran Conference Presenting the Allied commanders https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8_EuEs-BNw *Allied Chiefs Meet in London* British Pathé newsreel February 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xX4hUi78KZI ------------ Atlantic Wall German map of the Atlantic Wall in May 1944 (Source: San Jose) Generalfeldmarshall Erwin Rommel commanded coastal defenses from Denmark to France - from the North Sea to the British Channel to the Atlantic Ocean. Above, Rommel on an inspection tour in 1944 Excerpt from a documentary uploaded as WW2 Atlantic Wall https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6gB_5a5YBt8 Film footage of Rommel on an inspection tour uploaded as WWII Footage - The Atlantic Wall https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RP5aqsh1n0c *Film footage uploaded as 1944 The Atlantic Wall in Color (with Erwin Rommel)* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Ja8OoH2b9Q Film footage uploaded as 1944 An Inspection at the Atlantic Wall - German Film (HD) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoccUGdHEso *An Adolfkanone, one of three, originally intended for a battleship, in the Pas de Calais.* German Fortifications O. S. S. documentary about the Atlantic Wall with German newsreel footage (1944) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwNDhglbT7Q The Atlantic Wall Short excerpt from the documentary WW2 in Colour https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nznE6QHlVac Le mur de l’Atlantique (1942 – 1944) 2000 ans d’histoire sur France Inter https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4uZ0BvcfqY Atlantic Wall *Episode 1 of 6 of the documentary series Nazi Megastructures* on Modern Marvels (43:59) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dzwfEw1IIeA (repeats a second time) or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-_6xASYRig A different version: The Atlantic Wall** Episode from the documentary series Nazi Megastructures (43:59) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RwTObj7gHwo --------------- Rommel, centre, standing, inspecting coastal defenses in France in March 1944 The Longest Day Excerpts from three scenes, edited together by the uploader, from the 1962 movie The Longest Day, based on a book with the same title by Cornelius Ryan Rommel: "It will be the longest day." ". . . Just have a look at this, gentlemen - how calm, how peaceful this is. A small strip of water between England and the continent, between the Allies and us. But behind that peaceful horizon - a monster! A solid mass of men, ships and planes which is lying in wait to be released upon us. "But gentlemen, not one man of the Allies shall set foot upon the beach. Not one soldier of the Allies will ever reach the shore. This invasion, gentlemen, wherever and whenever it may come, there! Right at the water's edge - right there I will break it up! Believe me, gentlemen, the first twenty-four hours of the invasion will be decisive! For the Allies, but also for the Germans, it will be the longest day. "The longest day." Apparently, Rommel actually made such a remark at a briefing. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UgboTY1IWjE Theme sung by the West Point Cadet Glee Club: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVU75AZ5gJU Generalfeldmarschall Gerd von Rundstedt, on the left in the above photo, commander of German forces on the western front, and Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel, commander of German forces in Normandy. OB-West Von Rundstedt mit Rommel Mai 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZC8atQM385g The Allied Invasion Where to invade? Normandy or the Pas de Calais? The best way into Germany for the Allies would be through Belgium or the Pas de Calais in northern France, the closest points to England and the shortest way into the Ruhr. But the Pas de Calais would be heavily defended by the Germans and easy for them to reinforce. The Germans expected an Allied invasion in the Pas de Calais. It was the closest point to Britain and the closest point to Germany. Less likely would be an Allied invasion in Normandy. It was too far from England and too far from Germany. The Allies chose to invade Normandy. Until the invasion, the Germans were uncertain where the Allies would strike - the Pas de Calais or Normandy. *The planned Invasion of Normandy by the Allies was called Operation Overlord* (Code name: Operation Neptune). Allied deception operations** Operation Bodyguard (Source: of map ErrantX) Operation Bodyguard was an Allied operation to try to deceive the Germans about actual Allied plans. The above sketch map displays the various subordinate operations of Operation Bodyguard to deceive the Germans about the actual invasion site and time. The deception operation in northern France was *Operation Fortitude South.* *D-Day Deceptions* Episode from the documentary series Secrets of War Narrated by Charlton Heston https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WOVxezrkyNQ *D-Day: The Best Kept Secret* Episode from the documentary series In Search of History https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubcVM16fjuM *Double Cross* *The True Story of the D-Day Spies* Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dzdufi3PTss Planning D-Day Short excerpt from a documentary uploaded as WWll in Colour https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rxk9nyCsfEk ---------------- The Way Ahead June 1944 British war film with David Niven https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eNzpdw8LHFA ---------------- Big News from Italy American Troops Take Rome Allies Enter First Big City and Capital on the Continet in the Allied Campaign 4 June 1944 Los Angeles Examiner, 4 June 1944 Daily Mirror (London), 5 June 1944 US troops and Free French enter Rome from the south U. S. General Mark Clark led US troops to Rome, 4 June 1944 *First Pictures of Rome's Capture* Newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cl9kRYPAx0k Film footage https://www.nj.gov/military/museum/summaries/wwii/francis-prettyman/mark-clark-arrives-in-Rome-300x255.jpg --------------- D-Day Allied invasion of the Continent Normandy 6 June 1944 *Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.* Map of the Allied Campaign in Northwestern Europe in 1944 and early 1945. From the D-Day Invasion in Normandy on 6 June 1944 to the Allied Break-Out of Normandy and the advance across northern France into the Lowlands and Germany. From the Allied Invasion of southern France on the Mediterranean, troops marched north through France into Germany. Operation Overlord: an overview Brief review by Canadian TV (CBC), 1984 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n9Zz7sgOF0A Eisenhower's decision to Launch D-Day The day before 04:15, June 5, 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ip3htBMu-EQ *The Decision* Excerpt from a British documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAJ3IKMpI4Y General Dwight D. Eisenhower's D-Day Address to Soldiers Order of the Day Distributed to soldiers in a leaflet on the eve of D-Day, 5 June 1944 The order was read aloud by commanders to their men https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEyCjN9riiY Eisenhower and Operation Overlord Lecture 18 of 30 from the course World War II: A Military and Social History by Thomas Childers (The Teaching Company/The Great Courses) Course Description and Preview: http://www.thegreatcourses.com/tgc/courses/course_detail.aspx?cid=810 Lecture (audio portion only): http://download.eastbaymediac.com.edgesuite.net/anon.eastbaymediac.m7z.net/teachingco/samp/32k/MemorialDay_32k.mp3 Field Marshall Montgomery's Address on the eve of D-Day The order was read aloud to their men https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xge3qFirfrs -------- The French Resistance Pre-Dawn Sabotage in Normandy The French Resitance sabotaged rail lines in Normandy during the night and following days. Radio Londres "Ici Londres. Les Francais parlent aux Francais" The Free French broadcasts from England, on Radio Londres, began its broadcasts with the first four notes of Beethoven's 5th Symphony, beat on a drum, corresponding to the letter V for Victory in Morse code - dot-dot-dot-dash (or dit-dit-dit-dah) ${\clef treble \key c \minor \time 2/4 {r8 g'8[ g'8 g'8] \| ees'2\fermata \| r8 f'8[ f'8 f'8] \| d'2~ \| d'2\fermata \| } }$ *Beethoven's Fifth Symphony, First Movement, Allegro con brio* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRgXUFnfKIY *At the beginning of June, Radio Londres broadcast the first verse of the first stanza of the poem Chanson d'automne* by the French poet Paul Verlaine: Les sanglots longs des violons de l’automne - a coded message to warn the French Resistance that the Allied invasion of Normandy would be broadcast in the coming week. On 5 June, the eve of D-Day, at 21:15, Radio Londres added the second verse of the stanza in a broadcast: blessent mon cœur d’une langueur monotone - the coded signal to the Resistance that the Allied invasion would be within the next 48 hours. Les sanglots longs Des violons De l’automne Blessent mon cœur D’une langueur Monotone The second verse, Blessent mon cœur d’une langueur monotone, was also the coded signal to the Resistance to launch its planned sabotage operations, especially the destruction of railroads. That night the Resistance conducted more than a thousand attacks. In several days, the Resistance destroyed thousands of kilometres of railroad lines. The broadcast of 5 June: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fZ2Vmzp7Ic and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0gDgNi30spA In the hours before, during and after the D-Day Invasion the French Resistance conducted four major operations:** Before the Allied landings: Plan Vert (Plan Green) - the sabotage of railways (5 June - ) Plan Bleu (Plan Blue) - the destruction of electrical facilities Plan Violet (Plan Violet) - the cutting of underground communication cables (5 - 7 June) (a 15-day operation) After the Allied landings: Plan Tortue (Plan Turtle) - the sabotoge of roads to delay German reinforcements headed for Normandy Other operations: Plan Rouge (Plan Red) - the sabotoge of German ammunition dumps Plan Noir (Pland Black) - the sabotoge of German fuel depots Plan Jaune (Plan Yellow) - armed attacks against German command posts Les sanglots longs des violons La Résistance et le Débarquement en Normandie 1940 - 1944 Documentaire (2004) (52:33) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sbdDqm_TgjM ou https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJiH-xuIvgo --------------- Deception Operations Operation Bodyguard - Operation Fortitude South Operation Fortitude South: Sketch of deception operations to confuse German radar and troops for the night of 5 - 6 June 1944. Operation Taxable, Operation Glimmer and Operation A. B. C. Patrol - simulated invasions in the Pas-de-Calais Operation Big Drum - simulated invasion to the west of the actual invasion site in Normandy Operation Titanic - 500 dummies dropped by parachute in spots away from the actual invasion beaches Operation Mandrell - jamming German coastal radar ----------- Pre-Dawn Parachute Drops and Glider Landings 6 June 1944 D-Day Normandy Invasion. Map shows position of pre-dawn air drops and dawn beach landings. The Air Plan British Ministry of Information documentary describes the role of air power in preparation for D-Day. (28:12) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYU5xBOmW5g Eve of Battle Universal Newsreel (19:25) U. S. and G. B. documentary Prelude to the Invasion https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kOZTR3HzJE D-Day Minus One US Air Force documentary (16:52) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9lGpxkyGPQ DZ Normandy The Employment of Troop Carrier Forces US Army Air Forces documentary (1:25:01) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=53H1ISNyKv0 Normandy *Airborne Invasion of Fortress Europe* *Documentary (edited from DZ Noramndy)* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECyPQ2lmQdQ D-Day June 6th 1944 Episode 19 of the documentary series The Air Force Story (14:00) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhrRp9PZwVo or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6npeYelxpAg or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yUEWDo-v_kc *First to Jump* Allied troops dropped behind the lines by parachute during the night. The first planes for parachute drops took off from Britain on D-Day Minus One, on 21:59, 5 June 1944. The first gliders were lifted off at 22:00 on 5 June. The Waco CG-4 Hadrian, an American glider, carried 15 men, jeeps and a Howitzer cannon. The British Airspeed Horsa, a larger glider, carried 30 men. 13,000 men were dropped or landed behind enemy lines in the hours before the D-Day invasion of the beaches. Paratroop drop https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DTMRp7UCbwU Paratroopers recall pre-dawn drops 82nd Airborne https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PwEJbr8Hl2A Pre-dawn behind-the-lines paratroop drop Scene from 1962 movie The Longest Day https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NV7gog2vDB8 --------------------- The Normandy Beach Landings 6 June 1944 D-Day Normandy Invasion map Invasion Scene from 1962 movie The Longest Day https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMoNSFmACWI A Landing Craft Vehicle Personnel (LCVP) manned by the U. S. Coast Guard conveying American troops approaches the Norman coast An (LCVP manned by the U. S. Coast Guard disembarks American troops on Omaha Beach on D-Day *Photo by CPHOM Robert F. Sargent, USCG* D-Day (1944) United News newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=beZ8r17esuY First Pictures Invasion of France https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kx7bHDLUQgA or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLgXcWnJ3B4 D-Day German newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CaeVbtac1mc or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HoLMPcJS_nk First CBS radio report on the D-Day Invasion Columbia Broadcasting Company (CBS), New York City 03:00 Eastern War Time, June 6, 1944 (11:40) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3gjS8AnWVI First NBC radio bulletin on D-Day https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9xk9GaV0NE BBC Broadcast D-Day News Bulletin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4nnjGjGuRjo General Eisenhower broadcasts to Occupied Europe Broadcast over the BBC on the morning of 6 June 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pT6dBYXASE Eisenhower and the BBC D-Day broadcast Trevor Hill https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-yN75n-mFQc CBS News confirms reports of the D-Day invasion 03:30 Eastern War Time (44:44) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fuZtP8s6WJ8 Radio Londres Annonce du débarquement allié sur la BBC dans l'émission de Radio Londres à 13 heures le 6 juin 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r32ICXQb9ak Charles de Gaulle Discours du 6 juin 1944 à Londres BBC De Gaulle, head of the provisional government of France Le Général de Gaulle prononce un discours aux Français à 13 heures le 6 juin 1944. Extrait https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zxGkU8Daq9c Complet https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2S8GVEmjevc De Gaulle et le Débarquement en Normandie 2000 ans d'histoire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImnqIa7wGZk ou 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdlJDIZgOx4 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8VE6swLcgs Invasion D-Day!! Allied Forces Move Across the English Channel Newsreel of Allied advance through Normandy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvYXGPE103U D-Day Convoy to Normandy 1953 episode from the U. S. Army television program The Big Picture Describes preparations for D-Day, air operations before the invasion and the invasion; and recounts Hermann Goering's comments about the war https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MmPSOPrdmeM The French Campaign 1944 The March of Time From Paris in pre-war years to D-Day plus 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mEZDKla2zyk *D-Day to Berlin - The Battle for France* Excerpt from a 2004 documentary 1st of 6 clips https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bpNhuZfpjiY Newsreel film footage of D-Day with commentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0wg5x5WaZPo Operation Overlord (D-Day) *Episode # 9 of 13 from the World War II in Colour* documentary series (47:45) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rS24mmOtAlc or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pJATFM-gZyo D-Day Operation Overlord & Neptune https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybM5ghS-JLw D-Day** Episode from the Victory at Sea documentary film series https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K75yDdY-fGQ Or in 3 clips: 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vAK8wxJ5RvM 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cci61yiXStU&feature=related 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QZLn9nUh2M&feature=related *Eisenhower vs. von Rundstedt (D-Day)* Episode from the documentary series Clash of Warriors https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FGuzXxpiKQ Removed from You Tube Map of the British and Canadian landing beaches on D-Day, 6 June 1944, showing the planned amphibious assault sectors on Gold, Juno, and Sword beaches and the planned airdrop zones near the Orne and Dives rivers. The British landed on Sword and Gold beaches and the Canadians landed on Juno. D-Day for the Allies Gold, Juno, Sword Beach Landings World War II History Round Table (2014) Lecture by John Nelson Rickard, Canadian author; B-26 pilot Dick Brown recalls bombing defenses before the invasion. (01:57:00) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrhpw77Ej5Y First wave of Britsh troops approach Sword Beach Assault on Sword Beach D-Day revisited https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2SJhllLrYR0 *Sword Beach* *Excerpt from The Longest Day* (1962) British troops land on Sword Beach https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rL9-Va6_SVY and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHLMI3Oga1A 2012 publication** French commandos, led by Philippe Kieffer and wearing green berets, landed on Sword Beach with British soldiers and captured the port of Ouistreham and the German soldiers holding out at the town casino and fortress. The Ouistreham excerpt from The Longest Day https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3eZMkleDjWI Longer excerpt: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzd1gCc5CO8 Philippe Kieffer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqZg_aBhgsc *Commando Kieffer* *Les Français du débarquement de Normandie* Franck Ferrand Au cœur de l’histoire sur Europe 1 (2013) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PNuhqenqtJ0 Les Echos du Cinéma *Les Actualités Françaises* Interview with Commandant Kieffer and actor Christian Marquand, who portrayed Kieffer in The Longest Day https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqwCvi5Jm5Q Le 6 juin 1944 *Le Commando Kieffer* 2004 French documentary film about the Kieffer Commando on D-Day https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxCxXswQMIk Kieffer and two of his commandoes were among the first Free French into Paris on 24/25 August 1944. D-Day Time Team Special with Tony Robinson (2004) Archeologists trace the landing of the 1st Dorset Regiment on Gold Beach on D-Day https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9xcIrlQFyQ8 *D-Day on Juno Beach* Documentary (45:19) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8TAQFzrBNo D-Day on Juno Beach 1998 documentary about the Canadians on D-Day https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8TAQFzrBNo *The Landings* Documentary about Juno Beach https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B17Q5SiVTxk Removed from You Tube D-Day Canada's 24 Hours of Destiny Comments by Canadian D-Day veterans (in 9 clips) 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqWRRNnk9Hg 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_i1yy9W8-I4 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pga9RwkDlZw 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrfQ9O-dreY 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XZV8W_7qcd0 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p6IuDBTUy0k 7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUhcB_Q48YA 8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pngs_oGtlbU 9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMnOcNYX8lo The Americans landed on Omaha and Utah beaches Episode from the documentary series Battlefield Detectives 3 clips 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Y_wsPcFb4A 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H8um38b_wW0 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JOJ5qpJfR18 D-Day 360 2014 PBS documentary (54:56) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=faVjvreNHGQ Pointe Du Hoc Excerpt from the movie The Longest Day (1962) The Pointe du Hoc is a high promontory between Omaha and Utah beaches. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=og7D2_wLQ3Y The Guns of Pointe du Hoc *Rangers Lead the Way* Episode 1 of the first season of the National Geographic documentary series WWII's Greatest Raids U. S. Army rangers assault the German gun at the Pointe du Hoc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zz4t4xMmEC8 D-Day *Greatest Combined Operation in World's History* Pathe News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNtfjndy_1o Normandy Invasion US Coast Guard (20:31) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xtscVLR87tE or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GBJEgQOMUd0 *The Longest Day* 1962 Hollywood movie about D-Day Entire film (2:58:22) https://ok.ru/video/205051464258 Excerpt from the movie Opening scene: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Toc3EjHMOB8&feature=related Entire film in German (in 14 clips): Start here and all clips follow automatically in order: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gl9_ht8n-BQ&list=PL27096C9479C550A9 *Rome!* *Falls to the Allies* *Invasion!* *Fall of Fortress Europe* Castle Films (9:30) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJRsUoJuvUY *Over There!* *Pathe Gazette* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAIJDKLafNY *Consolidating in Normandy* *Movietone News* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3E976Wzua2M D-Day *Eisenhower's Return To Normandy* General Eisenhower returns to Normandy with Walter Cronkite twenty years later, in 1964 Features Eisenhower's Southwick House headquarters in England, Omaha Beach, Pointe du Hoc and the Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_dj2aba1hE *NORMANDY AMERICAN CEMETERY AND MEMORIAL* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r9eAcUpbhX4 6 juin 1944 La lumière de l'aube Documentaire (2014) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFp0_g3-luQ Gateway to Victory United News (10:11) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXSeQ8S4JXg D-Day Anniversary 89-year-old veteran parachutes into Normandy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQ4hrAwVo4Q D-Day's Sunken Secrets 2014 Nova documentary explores sunken wreckage off the D-Day beaches https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kqxkaUI1s0 D-Day Les traces cachee Documentaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n0pa9InnEdI Frontline Dorset Episode 2 of Season 1 of the 2010 documentary series Walking throguh History with Tony Robinson https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sBcLoHTQIS8 *Sur la route des blockhaus* Documentaire (2014) (51:40) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SqcmCot6SFI America's Secret D-Day Disaster 2014 PBS documentary 946 American soldiers were killed by their own troops during a rehearsal for the D-Day invasion of Normandy conducted on Slapton Sands in Devon and as a landing convoy was attacked by German torpedo boats https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DbfO6Hutb-k ---------------- De Gaulle acclaimed in Bayeux 14 June 1944 Crowds cheer General De Gaulle in Bayeux in Normandy, 14 June 1944 Normandy Conquest Newsreel includes Gen. De Gaulle in Bayeux; Field Marshal Montgomery and King George VI on the beach, with Canadians https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_5vA7rVE-5k *14 juin 1944, le retour du Général De Gaulle* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NHahhmMgH4 Général de Gaulle Normandie - 14/06/1944 ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jnFnLxc4eMM *De Gaulle et le debarquement en Normamandie* 2000 ans d'histoire Part 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdlJDIZgOx4 Part 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8VE6swLcgs&feature=iv&src_vid=VdlJDIZgOx4&annotation_id=annotation_968211 ----------------------------------- Oradour-sur-Glane 10 juin 1944 Soldiers of the Der Fuhrer Regiment of the 2nd Waffen-SS Panzer Division Das Reich destroyed an entire village and murdered 642 men, women and children - almost all of its population. Oradour Retour sur un massacre Documentaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WeRbNBTkNfw ou https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qh4XFhvES1k ou https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sstiqUS63Fg Témoignage du Waffen-SS inculpé pour le massacre d'Oradour-sur-Glane 20/01 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWEToTaw4J8 Témoignage du SS Werner C.: "Je suis assez déçu", avoue un rescapé 20/01 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8V6BTMu_K0U ------------------------------------- The 2nd SS Panzer Division / Das Reich 15,000 soldiers Moved from Russia to the southwest of France in Montauban in April 1944. Ordered north to Normandy to stop the Allied invasion on 7 June 1944. The Das Reich Division passed through towns held by the French resistance - the Maquis. January 2024 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqUV-9zpzSg ------------------ V-1 13 June 1944 Fieseler Fi 103 (Vergeltungswaffe 1) Germans launch the first flying bomb against England from the Pas de Calais in France on 13 June 1944 V-1 Flying Bomb ("Buzz Bomb") Documentary from the series Wings of the Luftwaffe https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ro4ApX7EhJw&feature=related or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ro4ApX7EhJw V-1 Buzz Bomb https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCdlBc__3kg&feature=related *FZG 76* Instructional film in German https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5EEZuXQyA-E Spitfires shooting down V-1 bombs launched against Britain Gun camera film footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iKZpUvz4MZo Banned Pictures of Flying Bomb Killing Grounds British Pathe newsreel (00:02:26) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-GhqhUKRVU ------------------------------- There'll Be A Hot Time In The Town Of Berlin When The Yanks Go Marching In Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters Vic Schoen and His Orchestra 30 June 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1jVWdjpc_fs ------------------ The Allies advance The situation on the continent on 1 July 1944 Source: Atlas of the World Battle Fronts in Semi-monthly Phases to August 15th 1945: Supplement to The Biennial Report of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army, July 1, 1943 to June 30 1945, to the Secretary of War The Battle for Normandy A more detailed map is available at: http://www.plymouthherald.co.uk/D-DAY-MAP-times-beaches-tactics-broken/story-21199865-detail/story.html More maps: https://ars-dkprogress.info/marks/d/d-day-invasion-map/ German map of the Allied invasion of Normandy 6 June 1944 D-Day Normandy Invasion map and Allied Advance through northwestern France *Allies Strike out from Beachhead* United News newsreel (1944) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qn1Orbn6U3A G. I. recounts: D-Day, Amphibious Assault, Allies advance across France From Stock Footage Lest We Forget R2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SItwuy04b8s map goes here British Pound Caen Sector United News newsreel (1944) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q6BwUBy1Fyg The Battle for Caen Episode from the documentary series *Battlefield* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=94JmIL7RvhM In French https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7WBuKHJ6ek Caen 1944 A talk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6q5ulimjgk *Breakout and Pursuit* Episode from the U. S. Army television series The Big Picture https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9T-DSuls6dg *The Battle of the West Wall* *Episode from the Battlefield* series** Operation Cobra - the Allied breakout https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y074_mT7ECU *Patton vs. von Kluge* Episode from the documentary series Clash of Warriors Removed from You Tube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXZ5s9ybCDU map La Bataille de Normandie La serie Les Grandes Batailles par Guillaudet, Turenne et Costelle (1969) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDp-nquyl_Q Monty Speaks his Mind Excerpt from an interview with Bernard Law Montgomery by Edward R. Murrow and Charles Collingwood aired in the US on 28 April 1959 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_TB9wHRRSw 6 June - 1 July 1944 Cherbourg Drive Movietone newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_IpFCXDZ6I The Road to Cherbourg British Pathé https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PJPmwjUjfGk Capture of Cherbourg British Pathé https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0zUwAMmcas Fall of Cherbourg British Pathé https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvlqpyCdemg *Nightmare in Normandy* Episode from the documentary series Fields of Armor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bfZD2_LHi5c *The Battle of Normandy* The Tide Turns Episode from the documentary series The Big Battles https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGouDxT03x8 The Battle of Normandy Episode from the Battlefield series https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_B-0iNnWWA Allies take Cherbourg *The Battle for Normandy* Lecture by Antony Beevor Melbourne, Australia 2 clips 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_BqSOLR494 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0qPCsZOhyUo German broadcast in English to Allied Forces 27 July 1944 Announcements by Axis Sally (Mildred Elizabeth Gillars), Address by Josef Goebbels (translation) . . . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ewhZfOs2R1Q HMS Rodney shells Alderney 24 August 1944 Pathé newsreel shows British ship shelling German gun positions on the Channel island of Alderney https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o3E80CRKcPg or http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=111_1314831744&comments=1 *The Perspective from the Other Side of the Hill* Lecture by Pieter Lieb King's College, 30 June 2014 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8sSFtdV4gf4 --------------------- De Gaulle visits U. S. and Canada July 1944 American President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, center, greets General Charles De Gaulle, head of the Free French (France Libre) and head of the Provisional Government of France, right, in the White House in Washington, D. C. on 8 July 1944. The U. S. had not yet officially recognized De Gaulle's provisional government. De Gaulle visits Washington, D. C., New York City, Ottawa and Quebec-Ville, July 1944 *Gen. De Gaulle in United States* United News Go to 04:21 mark on the newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-9GUjWf_E4 also: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QiAc3gxgTFc or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GMsD4ekktJE or http://www.gettyimages.fi/detail/video/head-of-the-provisional-government-of-france-charles-de-news-footage/504412219 New York Welcomes Gen. De Gaulle https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8niQ_Qw11oU De Gaulle et Roosevelt 2000 ans d'histoire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1iw1p2xn80 De Gaulle greets crowds in Canada in July 1944 ----------------- Bretton Woods United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference Bretton Woods, New Hampshire 1 - 22 July 1944 Creation of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) *United Nations Hold Monetary Conference* Bretton Woods, New Hampshire July 1944 Excerpt from a United Newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVytOtfPZe8 Entire newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_T82OZoVtw *Les Accords de Bretton Woods* Le 22 juillet 1944 à Bretton Woods aux États-Unis Europe 1 (2014) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z7yzsjYY3_E *Les Accords de Bretton Woods* Europe 1 (2014) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQWxQ-Mq2b4 Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes at Bretton Woods in July 1944 *White Case Stirs Nation as Leaders Testify* British Pathé newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1EyGZaQvZ2M *Harry Dexter White* *A Soviet Spy at the Center of Bretton Woods* Lectures by Benn Steil, Anders Åslund and M. Stanton Evans Heritage Foundation, Washington, D. C. Uploaded 2013 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ZM0r5rrrZA *Growth is Better than Austerity* *The Origins of Bretton Woods* Lecture by Eric Rauchway Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 1 May 2012 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBit5OSewco *The Mandarin Revolution* John Maynard Keynes *Episode 7 of the 1977 documentary series The Age of Uncertainty* with John Kenneth Galbraith https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cUKGhjnOSuY John Maynard Keynes Interview with Robert Skidelsky 2002 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SdCaoHLxKGM --------------- Failed Putsch in Germany Near Rastenburg in East Prussia 20 July 1944 After the German loss of Stalingrad in February 1943, the Germans, as in 1918, faced certain eventual defeat in war again. To cut their losses, some German leaders wanted to arrange an armistice with the Allies in the west, as they had in 1918. Numerous high German army officers plotted to kill Hitler. They believed, if they succeeded, they would be free to seek an armistice with Britain and the U. S. - and the war in the west would be over. That would spare Germany much destruction. Claus von Stauffenberg (1907 - 1944), born Claus Philipp Maria Justinian, Graf (Count) von (of) Stauffenberg, one of the oldest noble families of Germany. Stauffenberg is on the left in the top left photo, taken in the autumn of 1942 or in 1944. Stauffenberg, a lieutenant-colonel in the German army, joined the coup plotters in September or October 1943. At the time, however, Stauffenberg believed killing Hitler was unnecessary. The Allies demanded unconditional Axis surrender since the Casablanca Conference in January 1943. After D-Day in June 1944, it was too late for Germany to request an armistice or offer to surrender and suggest terms and conditions. However, ending the war would limit destruction in Germany. By mid-1944 - as the Allies pushed through Normandy and Brittany - Stauffenberg, by then a colonel, was chief of staff to the commander of Germany's Reserve Army, General Friedrich Fromm, also one of the plotters, and posted to Fromm's headquarters in Berlin. General Friedrich Fromm (1888 - 1945), commander of the Reserve Army. Stauffenberg's role was to launch the putsch from Berlin - if the assassination plotters succeeded in killing Hitler - by telephoning other coup plotters throughout Axis countries and occupied lands. The general who was to assassinate Hitler on 7 July 1944 pulled out of the attempt. Stauffenberg decided he would have to carry out the assassination himself. He would kill Hitler with a bomb.** Stauffenberg attempted to kill Hitler several times in July 1944 - at briefings at Hitler's quarters near Berchtesgaden in the Bavarian alps and his quarters near Rastenburg in East Prussia. The plotters decided Hermann Goering, head of the German armed forces (Wehrmacht) and # 2 man in the German Reich, and Heinrich Himmler, head of the German police and secret police (Gestapo) and the Nazi Party's paramilitary force (Waffen S. S.), should be killed with Hitler. Goering, left, and Himmler. From left to right: Hermann Goering, Wilhelm Keitel, Heinrich Himmler and Adolf Hitler at Hitler's birthday anniversary on 20 April 1941. Feldmarschall Keitel was the Chief of the High Command (OKW) of the German armed forces (Wehrmacht). The four are standing beside the Fuhrersonderzug, Hitler's personal train and official headquarters. Hitler travelled often with the train to the capital Berlin, his alpine quarters near Berchtesgaden and his quarters near Rastenburg in East Prussia. Stauffenberg did not carry out the assassination on 14 July because Himmler did not appear at the conference. In the above photo, Hitler arrives for a military conference at his forward command *post, or field headquarters, called the Wolf's Lair (Wolfsschanze), near Rastenburg in East Prussia* on 15 July 1944. The tall figure on the left in the photo is Stauffenberg. On the right in the photo is Feldmarschall Wilhelm Keitel. Map of East Prussia with Rastenburg. East Prussia was divided by the Soviet Union and Poland after the war. Two bombs with a ten-minute fuse in a briefcase were to be planted under the conference table near Hitler during the conference. Hitler, Goering and Himmler were present for the conference on 15 July but Hitler was called out of the room. At this point, Stauffenberg's superior, General Fromm, quit the plot and refused to have anything more to do with it. Goering and Himmler were not present during the conference five days later, on 20 July 1944. Nonetheless, Stauffenberg decided to act because there might not be another chance. He believed investigators were closing in on the plot. Also, the farther the Allies progressed through France the less leverage the Germans might have in negotiations for an armistice. There was no time left. Werner von Haeften (1908 - 1944), German army lieutenant, became an aide to Claus von Stauffenberg in 1943. The briefing began at 12:30 p. m. Stauffenberg slipped a briefcase under the conference table near Hitler. Then, as planned, he was called out of the conference room by his aide, Werner von Haeften, to accept a telephone call. Twenty-four persons were in the conference room. The bomb exploded at 12:42 p. m. The explosion destroyed the conference room, killed a stenographer and three officers and wounded the other twenty persons present. The stenographer died within hours. One officer died the next day. Another died two days later. The third died in hospital in October. Hitler suffered minor wounds, as did Keitel and his deputy, Lt.-Gen. Alfred Jodl, chief of the OKW Operations staff. Plan of the conference room showing walls, door, table and positions of the bomb, Hitler, survivors and casualties. *The room was a map room in an adjacent wooden hut called the Lagebaracke, often used by Albert Speer.* While with the Afrika Korps in Tunisia in April 1943, Stauffenberg was strafed by Allied fighter bombers and severely injured. He lost his left eye, his right hand and two fingers of his left hand. He had to try to arm both bombs alone within a few minutes of Hitler's conference. The assassination attempt was believed to have failed because: - Stauffenberg was able to arm only one of the two bombs. - The location of the conferences, or briefings, due to the summer heat, were changed from the concrete Führerbunker, which could contain a blast, to the adjacent wooden Lagebaracke. The conference room's windows were open. It was believed that someone moved the briefcase, which Stauffenberg placed under the conference table near Hitler, before the bomb exploded. Stauffenberg and von Haeften caught a ride, talked their way passed the guards in the Wolf's Lair, drove to the airfield in Rastenburg and flew back to Berlin. Although Hitler survived, the other coup plotters in the Wolf's Lair decided to launch the coup anyway and gave orders, which were sent to the Reserve Army in Berlin, to proceed. The above photo was taken one hour after the bomb attempt. Left to right: General Wilhelm Keitel, Marshal Hermann Goering, Hitler and Hitler's personal secretary, Martin Bormann, at Hitler's headquarters, the Wolf's Lair, near the town of Rastenburg. The deposed Italian dictator, Benito Mussolini, who headed the Italian Social Republic from Salo in northern Italy, arrived by train in Rastenburg in the late afternoon on a scheduled visit. From left to right: Hermann Goering, Heinrich Himmler, Christian Eckhard, Bruno Loerzer, Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini in Rastenburg on 20 July 1944. Major-General Eckhard was with the Luftwaffe command staff. General Loerzer was a Luftwaffe flying ace. Stauffenberg was to coordinate the putsch from his headquarters in Berlin. Stauffenberg alerted the other coup plotters to Hitler's death. General Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel In Paris, the German military governor and commander of German troops in the city since February 1942, General Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel, was in on the plot. He arrested *most of the German secret police (Gestapo)* and the Nazi Party's paramilitary force (SS) - about 1,200. General Gunther von Kluge** Von Stülpnagel went to the headquarters of General Gunther von Kluge, recently appointed commander of the Western Front, replacing von Rundstedt in early July. Contact with the Allies, to negotiate a truce and an armistice, would have to be attempted. However, the putsch - in Berlin, France, Austria and elsewhere - could not be realised because Hitler survived. Von Kluge withdrew his support for the coup and von Stulpnagel released the Gestapo and SS in Paris. When Stauffenberg and his aide von Haeften returned to Berlin, General Fromm attempted to arrest them. But he was locked up in a cell in his office building quarters. Eventually, Stauffenberg and von Haeften were confronted by the Gestapo in their office quarters in Berlin. There was a shoot-out. Stauffenberg was wounded. General Fromm was freed late at night. Fromm ignored Hitler's order to take the coup plotters alive. General Ludwig Beck (1880 - 1944), former chief of staff of the army high command, was to have been head of the regime that replaced Hitler. Fromm held a summary court martial of Stauffenberg, von Haeften, Beck and others on the spot. They were found guilty and sentenced to death. Fromm allowed Beck to commit suicide. The attempt failed and Fromm ordered a guard to shoot him. The others were taken to the courtyard for immediate execution by a ten-man firing squad. Stauffenberg was executed just after mid-night. A bronze statue of Claus von Stauffenberg by the sculptor Richard Scheibe marks the spot of Stauffenberg's execution by a firing squad in Berlin in the early morning of 21 July 1944. At one o'clock in the morning, Hitler broadcast over all German radio stations: 'A very small clique of ambitious, unscrupulous and at the same time treacherous and stupid officers has hatched a conspiracy in order to kill me and simultaneously eliminate the German army leadership. The bomb that has been placed by Oberst von Stauffenberg, exploded 6.5 feet from my right. A number of loyal associates sustained severe injuries. Four of them are dead. I am entirely unhurt myself, apart from some minor bruises, bumps and burns. I consider this a confirmation of the task given to me by Providence to continue my walk of life in the way I have done until now. . . ' In France, von Stulpnagel was recalled to Berlin. He tried to commit suicide en route. He shot himself but survived. He was imprisoned in Berlin, submitted to trial and hanged on 30 August. Von Kluge was recalled to Berlin and shot and killed himself en route, in France, on 19 August. Many people were implicated in the plot, arrested, imprisoned, submitted to show trials and hanged. Some 5,000 were executed. Fromm was executed by a firing squad in March 1945. Nach Attentat Die Deutsche Wochenshau 1944 - 07 - 26 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9e8wZ-x3o-c *The Hitler Bomb Plot* British Pathé newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88g88BObjJY German film footage With narration in English https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9SkKHPUM_Lw The Plot to Murder Hitler *An episode from the documentary series Appointment with Destiny* produced by David Wolper Presented by James Mason (1971) (50:05) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXRP1YMJWhw The Secret Plot to Kill Hitler Documentary (1:27:51) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nX1WgYuPOrU Operation Valkyrie Claus von Stauffenberg Documentary (2004) or Operation Valkyrie The Stauffenberg Plot to Kill Hitler Documentary (in British English) (47:29) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RMwj-h4ysec same dicumentary In 6 clips (in American English): 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CmlOoIhv9E 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PUKkPnMjAho 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZrbokcbXhFk 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=faVWWDFkomw 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfGVo8q1INM 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZRxrvYWllQ The Plot to Kill Hitler 1990 Hollywood movie (1:33:22) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x2DmVlcD8GA Valkyrie The Plot to Kill Hitler 2008 documentary (produced with 2008 Hollywood movie) (missing short intro) (1:51:46) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gsECA3UwXOE the same (1:27:39) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4A5UX2WbF3A Or the same in 11 clips: 1. Valkyrie 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Td9xCQETEVQ 2. Valkyrie 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CANGc3CoIT8 3. Resistance 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vbxnLoatkG0 4. Resistance 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M9frg7Iv-VY 5. Conspiracy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HzjmQypCyUc 6. Execution 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T5rDRcILxZw 7. Execution 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Bu_vqaHLh8 8. Aftermath https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I46ogt8UQuo 9. Consequence https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K0a4mZWdqR4 10. Redemption https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ovl0KpKZmF4 11. Legacy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdQ3lZ1I87c Die Stunde der Offiziere Dokudrama (2004) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUlJ9tKA_Jo Sie wollten Hitler töten Doku 1. Der einsame Held https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=40C-K_ThdUg** 2. Verpasste Chancen https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aa3ebNOS554 3. Der Attentäter https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXZ1ry_g0fA 4. Die letzte Chance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=af1JsDLB-jM *Stauffenberg* Die wahre Geschichte (2009) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wz_fZb3LT4A Stauffenberg The True Story PBS Advertisement https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGZU51dwRhY *Es geschah am 20 Juli* Georg Wilhelm Pabst 1955 (1:14:25) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVrr-wp7Hxs Josef Goebbels 26 July 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R996JBvRI_k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVGlTYZbX9Q **Roland Freisler, Arbitrator over Death and Life** Episode from the series Hitler's Henchmen https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YVHtiW4iVi0 *Roland Freisler* Excerpt of film footage of trial https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fgpbq2hd0yY *Le complot du 20 juillet 1944* Alain Decaux https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mgePORkjt60 The attempt to kill Hitler on 20 July 1944 was one of many. There may have been 49 attempts over the years. None succeeded. *42 Ways to Kill Hitler* Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jDkZSa8BgDY -------------- The End for Rommel 17 July 1944 14 October 1944 For his victory over the British at El Alamein in 1942, Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel (1891 - 1944) became the most famous German general of the war. Rommel was responsible for the defence of the French coast. Rommel commanded armies in Normandy. Rommel, on the right, in Normandy, in July 1944. Rommel in his staff car, seated beside the driver. Rommel was wounded in an attack on his car by an Allied fighter plane in Normandy on 17 July 1944, six weeks after D-Day. After visiting the front, Field Marshal Erwin Rommel returns to his headquarters on 17 July 1944. Rommel is seated in the front passenger seat as two Spitfires strafe his car. *(Source: Lance Russwurm, The Spitfire Emporium, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada)* Rommel's car after the attack. There were five officers in the car, Rommel and the driver sat in the front and three sat in the back. Two planes attacked the car. The first shot a canon shell. The driver was hit, lost control, the car struck a tree stump by the side of the road, drove into a ditch and turned over. Rommel was thrown from the car. A second plane strafed the road. The driver died from his injuries later that day. Rommel recovered from his wounds in a hospital in Germany and eventually went home. While recovering at home in Germany, Rommel was implicated in the 20 July bomb plot to kill Hitler. Rommel was forced to commit suicide on 14 October 1944. Erwin Rommel *A history* (4 min. 55 sec.) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lcAUCR3sKcU Rommel in the Great War Indy Neidell https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aBZauna5dwk *Rommel - Le renard du désert* Documentaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPFPJ4wcMds Killing Rommel Advertisement by author Steve Pressfield https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHjxQmxZDuA Strafing - U.S. gun camera video from WWII Narrated by Ronald Reagan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2hZHWpmsFw It is not certain who strafed Rommel's car on the road. It might have been a Canadian Spitfire pilot, Charles Fox. *Charley Fox and the Desert Fox* Canadian Spitfire pilot strafed Rommel's car (Removed from You Tube) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gq1sru28ufk *Erwin Rommel* *15/11/1891 - 14/10/1944* 2eme Guerre Mondiale (Removed from You Tube) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PvMBsecsfs *What really happened to Rommel?* Episode from documentary series https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nd5gQN21-hc Erwin Rommel - The Hero Episode from the documentary series Hitler's Warriors https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63uVhYrKOSU Hitler's Desert Fox Episode from the documentary series Nazi Secrets https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K25uGpRqNos It is not certain who strafed Rommel's car. It could have been a French pilot with the RAF, Jacques Remlinger, or a New Zealander, Bruce Oliver, or both. **Mythos Rommel - Der Krieger Doku (2:10:00) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4y4KfqHo-uw Le mythe Rommel - Le Guerrier (1 heure 44 minutes 51 secondes) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xWYbq6Qxmcw or in three parts: Rommel, the Warrior Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PaXPklN9xqk Rommel, the Loser Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTYJP5a7Heo Rommel, the Conspirator Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DsAhpt8KnyM A last photo of Rommel, at home.** La fin de Rommel Alain Decaux raconte le 7 fevrier 1977 (57:35) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiqdJ11Cvv8 Rommel funeral in Ulm and Herrlingen, 18 October 1944 German newsreel Die Deutschen Wochenshau (26/10/44) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WghZR7jWEQE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_Bg8ojnWpE Ich hatt' einen Kameraden https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2J6O-y9oOU Churchill's Tribute From the 1951 movie The Desert Fox https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jv89z0eHt88 The Desert Fox The Story of Rommel 1951 British movie with James Mason as Rommel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4n48bVGom8 Why is Rommel so complicated? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jw1UJCwcgNc --------------- Saint-Ex Disparition le 31 juillet 1944 Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (1900 - 1944) L'avion d'Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, Free French Air Force - Lockheed P-38 Lightning F4 (ou P-38J Lightning F-5B) Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Biographie https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3RBMRNcmxfo Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Biography (English) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vP5AgzBVGcs Une maison, un écrivain 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=By7D9a2mPX8 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8iV-83oCCs Par Avion De Toulouse à Barcelonne Reportage documentaire (26:00) Mermoz, Saint-Exupery et Guillaumet https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MmhFfb4ak1Y Night Flight (Vol de Nuit) Excerpts from 1933 Hollywood film Night Flight based on the 1930 book Vol de Nuit by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=InMAlgLl9dg Night Flight (Vol de Nuit) 1979 movie (2 clips) 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kn96BvgAMs 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPZ173Xu_zw Antoine de Saint-Exupéry à la radio en 1938 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2AgcVwDjYYg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDbriRSgcwQ Oasis Antoine de Saint-Exupéry à Concordia Réalisé en 1994 (2000) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSpwMNUgznM Le Petit Prince 1941 Llivre audio intégral https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f5N-WTtgnaY Bernard Giraudeau https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zOmyf6LIxX8 AudioBook https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hfznW-2qcoc Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Les lettres à l'inconnue Aristophil https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cHkm4U9ghUY Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Le Musée des Lettres et Manuscrits https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A35EQw__HQ4 Saint-Ex in a P-38 reconnaissance plane in Corsica in 1944. Saint-Ex in his P-38 Lightning F4 (or P-38J Lightning F-5B), a reconnaissance plane, in Corsica in July 1944. On 31 July, Saint-Ex took off from his base in northen Corsica. His mission was to photograph German troops about the Rhone Valley. His flight path was to take him to Grenoble and back to Corsica. He was to fly east of the port of Toulon. Saint-Ex did not return. Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Flieger, Schriftsteller und Romantiker Dokumentarfilm https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RlpmwsNxmdU Antoine de Saint-Exupéry La Dernière Mission 1994 Bande Annonce https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s3s7BgbpiCM fin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkfufESrEg8 In 1998, a fisherman from Marseilles recovered from his nets just east of the Ile de Riou, far from Saint-Ex's planned flight path, a silver bracelet inscribed ANTOINE DE SAINT-EXUPERY CONSUELO. Consuelo was Saint-Ex's wife. Comment a-t-on retrouvé l'avion de Saint-Exupéry? Jean-Claude Blanco https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NOxK4kENh64 *Saint-Exupéry* *La découverte de sa gourmette près de Marseille* *Futura* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opVoRsDegpI In 2000, in the area where the bracelet had been found earlier, a diver discovered parts of a P-38 engine, tail and landing gear on the sea bottom, 200 feet below the surface, just east of the l'Ile de Riou, about 2.5 miles off the French coast (between the city of Marseilles and the resort of Cassis) and 50 kilometers west of Toulon. In 2004, salvagers recovered the plane parts. Soaking in acid revealed the serial number of the turbocharger of Saint-Ex's plane, engraved by hand, 2734L. See: http://www.ouest-france.fr/histoire-il-y-70-ans-saint-exupery-disparaissait-en-mer-2730893 20 heures émission du 15 mars 2008 L'énigme de la disparition d'Antoine de Saint-Exupéry est peut-être résolue. Le pilote ayant abattu l'avion de Saint-Ex retrouvé. Le 31 juillet 1944, alors aux commandes d'un avion de reconnaissance américain, Saint-Ex est pris en chasse par un avion allemand, un Me 109, dont le pilote, Horst Rippert, témoigne aujourd'hui. Il ignorait que Saint-Ex se trouvait dans l'avion et regrette d'avoir tiré sur une idole de l'aviation. (20 heures) (à 8:38) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lh1oC2kEQHE According to the Luftwaffe pilot, Horst Rippert, he came upon the P-38 at 3,000 metres (9,850 feet), the P-38 made several turns, Rippert fired on the plane and it dropped. Note: Horst Rippert was the older brother of the German singer Ivan Rebroff. The Last Flight 2008 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9WKK1RQoewM Der Letzte Flug 2008 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvXQJEY6-vk The Making of The Last Flight/Der Letzte Flug 2008 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LP-AhOaKohI Duell in den Wolken Der letzte Flug des Kleinen Prinzen Doku über Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKpJSLre29s 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teUrxxhizpw 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JWI08x8Cgts Saint-Exupery Des nuages aux profondeurs Documentaire (2017) (26:07) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5N__ecxFe3w *Saint-Exupéry* *Découverte et identification de son avion* *La disparition de Saint-Exupéry* *Futura* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-YI7gBB3E2I The Corpse in Carqueiranne There remains one question about the disappearance of Saint-Ex: The unknown identity of the unrecognizable body of a man in a French uniform was found in the sea off Carqueiranne, near Toulon, about 50 kilometers east of the Ile de Riou, several days after the dfisappearance of Saint-Ex. The body was buried in Carqueiranne several weeks later, in September 1944. Antoine Saint-Exupéry Françoise Bastide https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2pFiQIzU5sI Consuelo Suncin Saint-Exupéry https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPPJZDJBbV0 1967 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2UiIC01L8og François d'Agay se souvient d'Antoine de Saint- Exupéry https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-vQq7dfJps *L'homme qui a tué Saint-Exupéry* François d'Agay *Futura* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mC-8dPd8eM4&spfreload=1 *Saint-Exupéry* *Le Dernier Chevalier du Ciel* Documentaire - Biographie (2014) (57:29) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDN4AntfoFM Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Franck Ferrand Au cœur de l'histoire (2012) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VRhE10-Nmis Le Pilote d'avion Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 1900 - 1944 Documentaire de la série Les Ailes Brisées, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDN4AntfoFM Saint Exupery Des nuages aux profondeurs Documentaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5N__ecxFe3w Les enseignements philosophiques de l'oeuvre de Saint -Exupéry. Conférence par Olivier Larrègle à Paris le 14 mars 2019. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B7n_m872z1o Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Le dernier romantique Un film de Marie Brunet-Debaines Producteurs : ARTE France, Caméra Lucida Productions et Lobster Films 2016 53:45 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZ-S-fXYEHE Le mystère de Saint-Exupéry Histoire de Guerre - La Seconde Guerre mondiale 2021 38:21 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63FEVvmFsU0 Saint-Exupéry Documentaire La série Les Ailes Brisées 2014 57:29 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDN4AntfoFM -------- Allied invasion of southern France 15 August 1944 The Allied invasion of southern France in August 1944. The Allied fleet off the French Riviera in August and September 1944. *Operation Dragoon* Episode from the documentary series The Big Picture https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNyxXIUFKNM&feature=relmfu Invasion of Southern France Operation Dragoon 1950 documentary film https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rL--YMgWso4 or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cG3bJQ-iyr0 *Invasion of Southern France* *Episode from the Battleground* documentary series https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEa-Wjd9iw8 The invasion of southern France U. S. Government film Part 1 of 6 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1C4ZZ0b3VLw Operation Dragoon** Episode from the documentary series Battlefront (3 clips) 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6CYoWABPa8&feature=related 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZBumvhqC8s&feature=relmfu 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gPKCihzh_Pg&feature=relmfu *Provence 15 Août 1944* *L'autre débarquement* Documentaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4uObGgrvZM *Le débarquement en Provence* 1944 *Seconde Guerre Mondiale* 2000 ans d'histoire sur France-Inter 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&NR=1&v=SMelBF0i8sU 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqJad5yCyeo Allied troops from the west (D-Day) and the south met at the Rhine and invaded Germany. The above map shows the advances of Axis and Allied troops from 1939 to 1945. --------------- Le Maréchal Pétain Le Maréchal quittant Vichy le 20 août 1944 *Le Maréchal à Paris* 28 avril 1944 EDITION SPECIALE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=508EWoNE4fM Le Maréchal Pétain à Lyon et à Saint Etienne Au Chevet des Cites Meutries 16 mai 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZYSH4Jh0Pg Voyage du Maréchal Pétain à Nancy, Epinal et Dijon Le 26 Mai 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNTxD2wg6CU Philippe Pétain à St-Etienne 6 juin 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3lLnjWvWKvs Philippe *Pétain* Fondateur du regime de Vichy Documentaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NFdiUzOo8EY *Pétain* Documentaire (2010) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ATxCx7DXyyk *Philippe Pétain* Documentaire (2010) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q1QJucEwu2g *Pétain* Un héros si populaire *Documentaire sur Hors Serie* (2010) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hfPzSV_jKaA Henri Guillemin nous parle de L'affaire Pétain Intégrale des onze episodes (5:15:57) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DuWkjVhgm_E (1) La montée du fascisme en France https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-kv1RK1LUnE (2) Avant 1934 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8a9JpVVGyM (3) Le politicien https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=exrXvKM_fc (4) Politique intérieure et défense nationale https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=psnsjs-sLl4 (5) Un étrange maréchal https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7OrjcsTRagQ (6) 1940, le but est atteint https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPmQIwCu94w (7) L'année 1940 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r2ZqW6Ny8Bg (8) Avec Darlan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWFnjIDwoTo (9) Laval réapparait https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_P_Lm3HnS-M (10) L'asservissement consenti https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxzqpWdQrb4 (11) La fin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4NmipLtFbzo (12) Constats https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yl9XMiWNqmA (13) (14) Débat sur le maréchal Pétain https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E5n-a6qL2MQ Petain: The Pessimistic Patriot Lecture by John Derry at the 13th annual general meeting of the Western Front Association at the University of York St. John, York, on 7 May 2011 (41:44) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIUiTkrJI68 Départ forcé du Maréchal Pétain 20 août 1944 Radio Courtoisie (2014) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bANIOQzYaZw Hohenzollern Castle in Sigmaringen L'enclave française de Sigmaringen 1944 - 1945 État Français 2000 ans d'histoire 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqKDzAMUrHk&feature=iv&src_vid=-lliUvpHYOI&annotation_id=annotation_329831 2.. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-lliUvpHYOI&feature=iv&src_vid=uqKDzAMUrHk&annotation_id=annotation_177441 Maréchal Pétain returns to France from Switzerland on his 89th birthday on 26 April 1945. Petain On Trial Movietone News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kcSfz_TJpsY Procès du Maréchal Pétain Plaidoirie intégrale de Maître Jacques Isorni https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fPzcjgFVJE Guilty! (04:35) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6c6M1M86SMU ou https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFPJ5EuvbvI Le procès Pétain Documentaire avec Georges Kiejman (02:22:53) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOrDRiYvALo** PHILLIPE PÉTAIN MARÈCHAL DE LA FRANCE Documentaire 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J2Wx5h6nFKU 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mfcJ01PwLQ PETAIN - THE END Movietone News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GCNncsGiSi4 *Ils ont volé le cercueil de Pétain!* *La petite histoire* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYtrdCACmao ----------------------- L'encombrant monsieur Pétain Un jour, une histoire Documentaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chweStZhtaY --------------------- Pierre Laval Pierre Laval (1883 - 1945) , avocat, socialiste, politician et quatre fois premier ministre (1931) Pierre Laval 2eme Guerre Mondiale Documentaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YfV1d4gjoyU Stauffenberg Castle in Wilflingen Pierre Laval Episode from the documentary series Nazi Collaborators https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=33HDtL6cFxI Nazi-Kollaborateure https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8rEzIJI_tOA Le procès Laval https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=keCT9zxVd10 Douze balles dans la peau pour Pierre Laval Le 15 octobre 1945 Un film de Yves Boisset (2009) Point du Jour (56:00) https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x1063r1 ou https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHxALEgHcPI *Pierre Laval* 1940 - 1945 État Français 2000 ans d’histoire sur France Inter (2005) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tm4KUnfQ5iE ou 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=twZK7mZJx48 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pBoYYhRb19M Le véritable rôle de Pierre Laval dans le gouvernement de Vichy René Rieunier Qui était Pierre Laval? Pourquoi est-il traité, dans la mémoire de l'opinion publique, de "collaborationniste"? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d3BU22XjTaM ------------------------ Laval Film https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ulLqFYQ5D4o Laval Téléfilm (2 novembre 2021) Patrick Chesnais https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_Za2DYd7VI Les Carnets de Josée Laval Un film docu 2015 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPAcSdyMzSQ ----------------- *Collaborations* Documentaire (2011) (1:39:51) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWYAiMmtdHQ ------------------ From left to right: General George Patton (1885 - 1945), commander of U. S. Third Army; General Omar Bradley (1893 - 1981), commander of the 12th Army Group (the centre allied front); and Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery (1887 - 1976), commander to the 21st Army Group (the northern allied front). Photo taken at 21st Army Group HQ in Normandy on 7 July 1944. Left to right: General George Patton, General Omar Bradley and General Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890 - 1969) in France. Eisenhower was the Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) since February 1943. Bradley commanded the U. S. First Army during the D-Day landings and the Battle of Normandy and the Twelfth Army Group (U. S. First and Third Armies) since mid-July 1944 (1 August in France). The Twelfth Army Group was the Allied centre front advancing eastward through northern France. Patton commanded the Third Army, part of the 12th Army Group. ------------------ The Liberation of Chartres 15 - 19 August 1944 18 August 1944 French and American armies enter Chartres on 15 August American soliders in Chartres, 18 August 1944. Chartres is about 100 kilometres west of Paris. Libération de Chartres Août 1944 Film footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mw-SH0VDww8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FMsC3hBw-yE Film footage 18 - 19 August 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-F_pUHyjTDY De Gaulle in Chartres 23 - 24 August 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sc243MjmTOk 70 après la Libération, les derniers secrets de « La tondue de Chartres » https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IEg3t3_kpJA ------------------ Leclerc *French Army General Philippe François Marie Leclerc de Hauteclocque (1902 – 1947); nom de guerre: Leclerc.* In the above photo on the left, Leclerc, at right, disembarks from a launch onto the beach of Saint-Martin-de-Varreville - Utah Beach - in Normandy on 1 August 1944. In the photo above on the right, an American general welcomes Leclerc. La colonne Leclerc - mars 1941 Force L - février 1943 2e division française libre (2e DFL) - mai 1943 La 2e division blindée (2e DB) - août 1943 La 2e division blindée (2e DB) / 2nd Armoured Division - Forces françaises libres (FFL) / Free French Forces - reformed in London in 1943. The 2 DB, commanded by General Leclerc, crossed the Channel and landed on Utah Beach in Normandy on 1 August 1944. The division was attached to General Patton's 3rd Army. On 18 August, workers in Paris went on strike. French Resistance fighters attacked German soldiers and installations in Paris. Paris, 19 August 1944. De Gaulle and Eisenhower in Normandy On 21 August, General Eisenhower informed General De Gaulle of his intentions to by-pass Paris on the way to Germany. De Gaulle advised Eisenhower that the communists in Paris, who were the biggest and strongest of the Resistance forces in the city, were to launch an uprising. This could result in fighting throughout the city, much damage to Paris and German reprisals. De Gaulle assured Eisenhower that Paris could be taken by a small force. On the following day, 22 August, Eisenhower agreed to liberate Paris. On 23 August, De Gaulle ordered Leclerc and the 2DB into Paris. --------------- The Liberation of Paris August 1944 Initially, the Americans and British planned to by-pass Paris in their push eastward from Normandy into Germany, but the French leaders persuaded them to liberate Paris first. Paris: L'Occupation vécue par les Allemands Documentaire (1:38:03) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y4LqpEgvgfQ The Germans planned to destroy Paris as they retreated *Détruisez Paris* Episode d'une série documentaire 2eme Guerre Mondiale The Germans planned to destroy famous landmarks in Paris as they retreated but the German general in command of the city preferred not to. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r9a2wx1LngU . ou https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1qgLDl6zJU . "Is Paris Burning?" 1966 movie about the last days of the German occupation of Paris (based on the 1966 book by the same name). With Orson Welles as Swedish Consul Raoul Nordling and Alain Delon as French Resistance leader Jacques Chaban-Delmas. Entire movie (2:52:42) https://ok.ru/video/803384330754 Theme: By Maurice Jarre https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtNPLE_SR6M&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PLF9018BC777793D49 Excerpt from film: Bayeux Tapestry scene https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxnovE3EfDU&feature=related French Army General Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque (1902 - 1947), commander of the French 2nd Armoured Division (2e Division Blindée), led the first allied troops to Paris on 24 August 1944. The French Tri-Colour with the Cross of Lorraine. The 2DB approached Paris from the north as the US 4th Infantry Division approached the city from the south. On 24 August, the 2DB crossed the Seine and reached the outskirts of Paris and entered the suburbs. There was fighting in the suburbs between the Resistance and the Germans, the 2DB and the Germans, and American soldiers and the Germans. Leclerc ordered a column to enter Paris and alert Parisians that the division would enter the city early the next day. Leclerc sent 160 troops of La Nueve (Spanish for 'the Ninth'), the Ninth Company of the Régiment de marche du Tchad, which included 146 Spanish republicans, commanded by French Captain Raymond Dronne, into Paris. The Ninth entered Paris through the Porte d'Italie at 9:22 p. m. and continued to the Paris city hall, Hôtel de Ville. Captain Raymond Dronne commanded the first Allied troops into Paris, late evening of 24 August 1944. Libération (1941 - 1964), le 25 août 1944. The soldier in the photo is actually Spanish, one of 146 Spaniards among the 160 troops who entered Paris with Captain Dronne on 24 August. Leclerc entered Paris with the rest of the Division and the U. S. 4th Infantry Division in the following morning, 25 August. The 2DB entered western Paris and engaged and defeated most of the Germans by the afternoon. The US 4th Infantry Division defeated the Germans in eastern Paris. Excerpts from Is Paris Burning? (1966) Leclerc advances on Paris https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=th09WX_jFBM or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1t0rcDqnaI Leclerc enters Paris https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNbxUQzT0RQ 2nd Armored Division of General Leclerc entering Paris August 24, 1944 Actual film footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEwmZvNwH8U Leclerc enters Paris Actual film footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXUvwj2ZlTI The French celebrate as the Free French 2nd Armored Division led by General Leclerc enters Paris Actual film footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O4PI6O2RYI0 Leclerc in Paris With narration https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEwmZvNwH8U Leclerc in Paris Silent film footage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PL8005Gk-4Q Excerpt from Is Paris Burning? (1966) Ending: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-xIAJRQqBs . The commander of German troops and the governor of the occupied city of Paris, General Dietrich von Choltitz, left, surrenders to Free French General Philippe Leclerc, centre, in Paris on 25 August 1944. Von Choltitz surrendered to Free French soldiers at his headquarters at the Hôtel Meurice after a shoot-out. The soldiers took von Choltitz to Leclerc at the Paris Prefecture de Police. Von Choltitz signed the official surrender. General Dietrich von Choltitz signs surrender at the Prefecture of Police in Paris on 25 August 1944. Standing on the left in the photo is Henri Rol-Tanguy (Colonel Rol), communist leader and organiser in Paris and regional leader of the French resistance army (French Forces of the Interior) (Forces françaises de l'Intérieur) (FFI) of Free France (France Libre). General Leclerc was present but not in the above photo. The surrender of von Choltitz to Leclerc, signed also by Rol. Leaving the prefecture de Police for the Gare Montparnasse, General von Choltitz sits closely behind General Leclerc, standing in an armoured half-track, an American-made M3A1 Scout Car, for protection from the crowd. Von Choltitz was taken to Leclerc's command post at the Gare Montparnasse. De Gaulle arrived in Paris in the mid-afternoon. Von Choltitz formally surrendered German troops. Facing the camera in the above photos are Leclerc, standing, and von Choltitz. Film footage includes Leclerc, De Gaulle and Von Choltitz at la Gare Montparnasse in Paris for the formal German surrender. 25 August 1945 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7uQyfFTvmI4 longer version https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m69rAuMvKHY Footage of Von Choltitz https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DASGEHrkCk8 De Gaulle and Leclerc De Gaulle and Leclerc at the Gare Montparnasse after the surrender of von Choltitz in the late afternoon of 25 August 1944. Jubilant crowds in the streets of Paris on 25 August 1945. Crowds gather in Paris on 25 August 1944. To avoid physical retribution, German soldiers tried to surrender to French soldiers rather than the Resistance. Notre Dame de Paris, 25 August 1944 Notre Dame de Paris, 25 August 1944 American soldiers of the US 4th Infantry Division in Paris on 25 August 1944. Photo of De Gaulle's arrival at the Prefecture de Police in Paris. From the Prefecture de Police, De Gaulle went to l'Hôtel de Ville. General De Gaulle proclaims Paris liberated at l'Hôtel de Ville on 25 August 1944. Excerpts: 'Paris! Paris outraged! Paris broken! Paris martyred! But Paris liberated! Liberated by itself, liberated by its people with the help of the French armies, with the support and the help of all France, of the France that fights, of the only France, of the real France, of the eternal France! . . .' *'. . . The enemy is staggering, but he is not beaten yet. He remains on our soil.* 'It will not even be enough that we have, with the help of our dear and admirable Allies, chased him from our home for us to consider ourselves satisfied after what has happened. We want to enter his territory as is fitting, as victors. 'This is why the French vanguard has entered Paris with guns blazing. This is why the great French army from Italy has landed in the south and is advancing rapidly up the Rhône valley. This is why our brave and dear Forces of the interior will arm themselves with modern weapons. It is for this revenge, this vengeance and justice, that we will keep fighting until the final day, until the day of total and complete victory. 'This duty of war, all the men who are here and all those who hear us in France know that it demands national unity. We, who have lived the greatest hours of our History, we have nothing else to wish than to show ourselves, up to the end, worthy of France. Long live France!' http://witnify.com/charles-de-gaulles-paris-liberated-speech/ Boston Daily Globe, August 26, 1944 Leclerc at the Arch of Triumph in Paris on 26 August 1944 - the day after the German surrender to the French Provisional Government. Leclerc at the Arch of Triumph in Paris on 26 August 1944. De Gaulle starts the march at the Arch of Triumph on 26 August 1944. The march started at the Arch of Triumph and proceeded down the Avenue Champs-Élysées to the Place de la Concorde. Bidault DeGaulle Leclerc Gen. De Gaulle walks down the Champs-Élysées in Paris with Général Leclerc, head of the first allied army units into Paris, and French Resistance leader George Bidault, successor to Jean Moulin. From the Place de la Concorde, General De Gaulle continued in an open car down the rue Rivoli to the Hotel de Ville. Fighting did not end with the surrender of von Choltitz. There remained Germans and French collaborators determined to fight on. Snipers shot at the crowds. Place de la Concorde. People crouch and lie down to avoid being shot. Place de l'Hôtel-de-Ville. Germans and French collaborators hiding in nearby buildings shot at the crowd, causing a panic. It took several minutes for soldiers to clear out the snipers. De Gaulle at l'Hotel de Ville on 26 August 1944. Still later, as Gen. De Gaulle approached the Cathedral de Notre Dame de Paris on the Isle de la Cite for a mass, snipers shot at the crowd. La Cathédrale de Notre-Dame de Paris le 26 août 1944. Pont d'Arcole, Shooting continued after Gen. De Gaulle entered the cathedral. De Gaulle at Notre Dame on 26 August 1944. A young girl wounded in the shooting at Notre Dame. *De Gaulle left the cathedral after the Te Deum.* Paris 44 Episode from U. S. Army documentary series The Big Picture Narrated by Charles Boyer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rq9nYCN0j88 La Libération de Paris Le Journal de la Resistance Forces Françaises de l'Intérieur (FFI) Documentaire (31:28) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuqD1nJwHeo The Paris Story Historic Scenes of the Liberation United News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQsSp_XLE-Y Liberation of Paris Documentary from the Lost Evidence series https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iauDlfd2Ww8 Battle for Paris United News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FG5eVT7Jr3I Gen. De Gaulle in Paris on 26 August 1944 Newsreel Includes shootings at Hotel de Ville and Notre Dame https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4c349-4M4I De Gaulle in Paris Wild celebration Interrupted by Snipers' Attack Movietone News with Lowell Thomas Includes scenes of sniper attacks at the Hotel de Ville and Notre Dame https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_wiEJoGcCg8 Fusillade à Notre-Dame de Paris Radio 26 août 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OK5xSXlIBM0 Paris Delivered British Pathé newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUz2XvgaIEo Shooting at Notre Dame Excerpt from newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dY_3hbrvkXs De Gaulle dans Paris libéré Mystères d'archives Le 26 août 1944 (25:55) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3S6Rf0FGBTg From D-Day to Paris A Newsreel History All five episodes of British documentary currently available in French First of five episodes First episode (50:51): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYXwTUqjJBY First 93 seconds of first episode in English https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Ygvhl_m1rg LIBERATION OF PARIS 1944 Narrated by Noel Coward Omits scenes of sniper attacks on the crowds https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lmNI7pu5UI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lmNI7pu5UI Road to Paris Documentary by British Information Services https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ig8diRZX2Sw De Gaulle Charles De Gaulle (1890 - 1970) Charles De Gaulle during liberation of Paris 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A1AuEltCeuM 1944: De Gaulle dans Paris libéré https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5p4H49_-VE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yuv_vbxu4lI L'homme du Destin De Gaulle 1940 - 1944 Documentaire (2015) (1:37:33) Film starts at 00:01:50 mark Removed from You Tube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KymhfMG6EiA Charles De Gaulle Discours par Henri Guillemin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PBr11uuloX8 ---------- La collaboration sous Vichy Documentaire 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsKKUS5eQDk 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HuJ4hNd7qvU L'épuration en France après la Seconde Guerre mondiale Documentaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrYbaYVPdJk *Removed from You Tube* Extrait https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=flHnlTLgx_8 American soldiers march through Paris on their way to the front on 29 August 1944 *US Troops Parade in Paris* *British Pathe* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tga8TR__7mY US ARMY DESFILE EN PARIS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71vokXtYOZw Paris, 29 August 1944. Left to right: US Army Gen. Omar Bradley, commander of the 12rh Army Group; US Army Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force; French Gen. Pierre Koenig, appointed military governor of Paris by De Gaulle; Royal Air Force Marshall Sir Arthur William Tedder, Deputy Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force. American soldiers march into the Place de la Concorde https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nafhecuQi0g *The French Campaign 1944* The March of Time From the meeting of FDR and Churchill in Quebec in 1943 to the American army parade in Paris on 29 August 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8bRVjbTvPNA G. I. recounts: Battle of Saint-Lo, Liberation of Paris Stock Footage WWII Lest We Forget R3 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YiwUCrppSIs US Army in France 1944 - 1945 Color film of American GIs from Normandy to Paris https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OB3JmGn5e7U D-Day in Colour 2004 documentary narrated by John Hurt about Allied troops from the Normandy landings to the liberation Paris (47:45) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rS24mmOtAlc or https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_1867871671&feature=iv&src_vid=rS24mmOtAlc&v=fhsYY7SY55Q Prelude to Victory Gen. Eisenhower in Paris https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBFvO44mNHc -------------------- RECAP D-Day Normandy 6 June 1944 78th Anniversary D-Day United News Newsreel 1944 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qy8HYhe3Z8E British newsreel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0wg5x5WaZPo Americans landed on Omaha Beach https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzpnDlY77t0 Washington, D. C. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQOGa3NNkqQ Crowds in France honor WWII veterans in 2022 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jlRIDU6ItF0 Normandy The Airborne Invasion of Fortress Europe US Air Force film https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knzpQecsVFw D-Day Plus 3 Planning and preparation for D-Day US Coast Guard film https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5DVGt4c71E D-Day Plus 3 SHAEF https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0fvQnDj4aqw The Paris Story The Liberation of Paris August 1944 United News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IoO2nGnZuno American soldiers march in Paris August 1945 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7YdM1Dd_R8 The allied drive into Germany April 1945 British Pathe https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XPCzojOACYQ -------------------- Maurice Chevalier Paris Sera Toujours Paris 1939 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r9bkKDzawSg Maurice Chevalier sur Radio Paris Le 26 septembre 1941 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KcfcROzAPMI Maurice Chevalier British film footage from 1944 or 1945 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HUCgMNOqhyU Fleur de Paris 1945 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3HsfYm4EIvk Thank Heavens For Little Girls Scene from 1958 Hollywood movie Gigi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRsb9qyvofU Maurice Chevalier, chéri de ses dames Au cœur de l'Histoire Franck Ferrand 2012 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsBrWoG9eg4 Maurice Chevalier 2000 ans d'histoire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FaDsKzdVAeI --------------- *L'Occupation sans relache* *Les artistes pendant le guerre* Documentaire (2010) (1:25:30) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Ks2SpFO4Lc *Les artistes sous l'occupation* *L'ombre d'un doute* Documentaire avec Franck Ferrand (1:54:08) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcQKGSOFI70 -------------------- *Churchill v Stalin* June 1941 – June 1944 Operation Dragoon *Episode 3 of 4 of the 2007 documentary series Warlords* (49:03) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fLtyXsGDfMM --------------------------- A map of Europe in September 1944. Light red areas are in Allied hands. Dark red areas are Allied advances. ------------ V-2 V-2 (Vergeltungswaffe 2) First launched on 9 September 1944 at the Porte d"Italie in Paris V-2 (A-4) Rocket, first long-rangeballistic missile, first rocket to reach outer space V-2 rocket - Vergeltungswaffe 2 (Aggregat-4 A4 ballistic missile) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDmaFj2dJ8A V-2 rocket launch test development at Peenemunde ( 1942 - 1945 ) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=esDnuIVHssU Hitler's Secret Weapon** Timewatch documentary (44:29) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbWDZSpvDQg&feature=related Guided Missile *Episode from the documentary series The Twentieth Century* narrated by Walter Cronkite (1957) (22:19) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-IPo7xT-jk V-2 Operation Described Lecture (00:03:49) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph-npS29n9Q The RAF versus the V-weapons Documentary about the RAF and the V-1 and V-2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_-b94Ibhx54 V-2 Rocket Bases** Episode from the documentary series Nazi Megastructures (43:59) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=89EWmyvgSvU or (44:00) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VxjSBA5U0l4 (43:56) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dp3G165i8gk (43:59) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6pBV-7B1Ggg --------------- *Continue to next page, # 8, End of the Third Reich*







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